Numerical Modelling of Nanocomposites as Interleaved Layer for Thermal Management of Structural Batteries
Topic(s) : Material and Structural Behavior - Simulation & Testing
Co-authors :
Barbara Palmieri (ITALY), Fabrizia CILENTO (ITALY), Michele GIORDANO (ITALY), Alfonso MARTONE (ITALY)Abstract :
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are essential components in electric vehicles and energy storage stations due to their high-energy density and stable cycling performance. However, the increasing use of high-energy-density LIBs has raised safety concerns, particularly regarding internal short circuits (ISC). In electric vehicles, potential impacts from foreign objects during driving are a major cause of ISC, leading to thermal runaway, releasing heat, toxic gases, and causing fire or explosion accidents. Understanding the relationship between mechanical deformation and ISC is crucial for enhancing the safety of LIBs and electric vehicles.
This study focuses on the complex Multiphysics nature of LIB safety behaviours under mechanical abusive loading. A three-dimensional model based on finite element method has been developed to predict the heat generation using the Multiphysics software Comsol.
Mechanical ISC criteria, defining stress or strain states during ISC, bridge the gap between electrochemical and mechanical models. A thermal transfer model calculates ISC joule heat and thermal runaway reaction heat after ISC triggering.
In this work a sandwich beam has been considered for hybridization, and the PVC foam core has been contoured for fitting 7 pouch batteries (65x40x7 mm3) which are integrated at the middle section. Each battery is surrounded by an additional layer made of GNP/epoxy with high thermal conductivity [1,2] which allows to dissipate heat towards the external surfaces contributing to mitigate the temperature field and therefore the safety of batteries.
A Multiphysics finite element analysis has been carried out for accounting the concurrent mechanical deformation under a flexural load and the heat generated by charge-discharge cycles. The equation describing the heat generated by the battery has been modified to include the deformation that occurred within each battery. An additional parameter has been introduced representing the volumetric deformation accounting the changes in the ohmic overpotential.
The approach proposed provides accurate results with high computational efficiency, addressing the challenges associated with the rise of structures with integrated battery systems.
This study focuses on the complex Multiphysics nature of LIB safety behaviours under mechanical abusive loading. A three-dimensional model based on finite element method has been developed to predict the heat generation using the Multiphysics software Comsol.
Mechanical ISC criteria, defining stress or strain states during ISC, bridge the gap between electrochemical and mechanical models. A thermal transfer model calculates ISC joule heat and thermal runaway reaction heat after ISC triggering.
In this work a sandwich beam has been considered for hybridization, and the PVC foam core has been contoured for fitting 7 pouch batteries (65x40x7 mm3) which are integrated at the middle section. Each battery is surrounded by an additional layer made of GNP/epoxy with high thermal conductivity [1,2] which allows to dissipate heat towards the external surfaces contributing to mitigate the temperature field and therefore the safety of batteries.
A Multiphysics finite element analysis has been carried out for accounting the concurrent mechanical deformation under a flexural load and the heat generated by charge-discharge cycles. The equation describing the heat generated by the battery has been modified to include the deformation that occurred within each battery. An additional parameter has been introduced representing the volumetric deformation accounting the changes in the ohmic overpotential.
The approach proposed provides accurate results with high computational efficiency, addressing the challenges associated with the rise of structures with integrated battery systems.