On hydrogen permeability of thin-ply thermoplastic composites
Topic(s) : Special Sessions
Co-authors :
Fatih Ertugrul OZ (SAUDI ARABIA), Ahmed AHMED WAGIH (SAUDI ARABIA), Shuvo Jit DATTA , Biplab JOARDER , Mohamed EDDAOUDI , Gilles LUBINEAU (SAUDI ARABIA)Abstract :
Countries have set their sights on net zero commitment on carbon emission by eliminating the impacts of fossil fuel emissions from their energy systems until the target year, 2050. The strict and tight timeline gives hydrogen an advantage since it can link new assets with existing infrastructure of storage within pressure vessels. Coupling this clean energy requirement with sustainability considerations makes also thermoplastic composites preferable to thermoset for the design of these pressure vessels. Type V pressure vessels are promising products to store hydrogen without any liner and hence provide the lightest weight possible. Manufacturing such tanks with thermoplastic composites is the new emerging application to enhance aforementioned specifications. However, the permeation characteristics of materials play a crucial role to design and manufacture pressure vessels, and it should be worked precisely to obtain tanks without any leakage and thus with highest safety consideration.
This study presents the hydrogen permeation characteristics of thermoplastic composites, made from UD thin-ply CF/PA6. Cross-ply laminates having different ply thicknesses are tested under different feed pressure. Laminates are produced with UD preforms that have 42 µm thickness. It is found that interlaminar interfaces play an important role to barrier the gas permeation.
Highest permeation is measured at the lowest feed pressure (5 bars), while the permeation decreases with increasing pressure. This is an advantageous situation for designing Type-V pressure vessels, since the working pressure of such vessels are above 350 bars in automotive and aerospace applications. Besides, cross-ply laminate having four ply stacking, [04/904]s, are seen to have lower permeability than [02/902]2s laminate. Single or double thin plies were used in laminations of standard-thick plied laminates to provide gas barrier [1–3]. It is seen in this study that the higher the number of 0° and 90° interfaces in [04/904]s, than [02/902]2s can cause an increase in the hydrogen permeation. In anyhow, both laminates provide lower permeation than the critical limit defined in standard of designing Type-IV and Type-V pressure vessels.
This study presents the hydrogen permeation characteristics of thermoplastic composites, made from UD thin-ply CF/PA6. Cross-ply laminates having different ply thicknesses are tested under different feed pressure. Laminates are produced with UD preforms that have 42 µm thickness. It is found that interlaminar interfaces play an important role to barrier the gas permeation.
Highest permeation is measured at the lowest feed pressure (5 bars), while the permeation decreases with increasing pressure. This is an advantageous situation for designing Type-V pressure vessels, since the working pressure of such vessels are above 350 bars in automotive and aerospace applications. Besides, cross-ply laminate having four ply stacking, [04/904]s, are seen to have lower permeability than [02/902]2s laminate. Single or double thin plies were used in laminations of standard-thick plied laminates to provide gas barrier [1–3]. It is seen in this study that the higher the number of 0° and 90° interfaces in [04/904]s, than [02/902]2s can cause an increase in the hydrogen permeation. In anyhow, both laminates provide lower permeation than the critical limit defined in standard of designing Type-IV and Type-V pressure vessels.